Funciones ejecutivas y la competencia para resolver problemas matemáticos en Educación Primaria

Authors

  • Ester Díez– Reviriego
  • Esperanza Bausela– Herreras

Abstract

Resumen

Las funciones ejecutivas son fundamentales para el desarrollo de las habilidades de autorregulación y son la base de la adquisición de las competencias instrumentales (lectura y matemáticas) en Educación Primaria.

Objetivos: Analizar la asociación entre las funciones ejecutivas (planificación, memoria de trabajo y razonamiento) y competencia matemáticas (resolución de problemas).

Metodología: No experimental. Diseño correlacional.

Participantes: 24 escolares de 6º curso de Educación Primaria, con edades comprendidas entre 11 y 12 años, de ambos sexos. Presentando desarrollo típico, salvo 8 escolares que presentan necesidades de apoyo educativo.

Instrumentos de recogida de datos: Se han aplicado tres instrumentos: (i) Cuestionario Evaluación Comportamental Infantil que evalúa el interés escolar, la atención, el aprendizaje y la actividad. (ii) Batería de Funciones Ejecutivas (Nivel I y II) de elaboración propia para evaluar: planificación, memoria de trabajo y razonamiento. (iii) Resolución de problemas, tarea de elaboración propia considerando el currículo que establecido como referente.

Resultados: No hay asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las funciones ejecutivas y resolución de problemas.

Palabras clave: Funciones ejecutivas; planificación; memoria de trabajo; resolución de problemas; estudio correlacional.

 

Abstract

The main objective of the project is to analyze the combinations between the executive’s functions (scheduling, working memory and reasoning) and mathematics (solving mathematical problems in Primary Education).

Research hypothesis: Research on the existence of a statically significate combination between executive functions (scheduling, working memory and reasoning) and solving mathematical problems in Primary Education.

Methodology: Non experimental methodology or ex post facto, the pattern is correlational.

Participants: 24 students from 6th year of Primary Education, aged between 11 and 12 years old, participants from both genders, presenting a typical development from their age. However, 8 of them need extra educational support.

Sources for data collection: Three instruments were apllied: (i) Childhood Behaviour Evaluation Questionnaire which evaluates scholar interest, attention, learning and activity, (ii) executive function’s set of activities (Level I and II) and (iii) evaluation task in solving mathematical problems.

Results: Analyses show that there is no statically significate combination between executive functions and solving mathematical problems.

Key words: Executives functions; scheduling; working memory; solving mathematical problems; correlational study.

 

Resumo

As funções executivas são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de habilidades de auto-regulação e são a base para a aquisição de competências instrumentais (leitura e matemática) na Educação Primária. Objetivos: Analisar a associação entre funções executivas (planeamento, memória de trabalho e raciocínio) e competência matemática (resolução de problemas). Metodologia: não experimental. Design de correlação. Participantes: 24 alunos da 6ª classe de Educação Primária, com idades entre 11 e 12 anos, de ambos os sexos. Apresentam um desenvolvimento normativo, com exceção de 8 estudantes que se enquadram em necessidades de suporte educacional. Instrumentos de recolha de dados: foram aplicados três instrumentos: (i) Questionário de Avaliação do Comportamento Infantil, que avalia o interesse, a atenção, a aprendizagem e a actividade escolar. (ii) Bateria de Funções Executivas (Nível I e II) de preparação própria para avaliar: planeamento, memória de trabalho e raciocínio. (iii) Solução de problemas, tarefa de auto-elaboração considerando o currículo estabelecido como referência. Resultados: não há associações estatisticamente significativas entre funções executivas e resolução de problemas.

Palavras-chave: funções executivas; planeamento; memória de trabalho; resolução de problemas; estudo correlacional.

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How to Cite

Reviriego, E. D., & Herreras, E. B. (2018). Funciones ejecutivas y la competencia para resolver problemas matemáticos en Educación Primaria. Panamerican Journal of Neuropsychology, 12(1). Retrieved from https://cnps.cl/index.php/cnps/article/view/322

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 1 (2018): CNPs

Section

Original Papers

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