Efectos neuropsicológicos por el consumo de marihuana en adultos jóvenes

Authors

  • Edwin Pozo-Hernández
  • Carlos Mariño-Tamayo
  • Carlos Ramos-Galarza

Abstract

Resumen

La marihuana es una de las sustancias psicoactivas más consumidas por la población joven, esta sustancia puede ocasionar distintas afecciones clínicas, incluidas las alteraciones neuropsicológicas. Este artículo presenta una investigación que analizó la influencia del consumo de marihuana en las funciones neuropsicológicas de atención, memoria y funciones ejecutivas, en un grupo de 16 jóvenes (8 hombres y 8 mujeres) que mantienen un consumo regular-recreativo e intensivo-habitual de dicha sustancia (Medad= 23,38; SD= 1,78), al compararse con un grupo de 16 jóvenes (8 hombres y 8 mujeres) que no consumen marihuana (Medad= 22,25; SD= 1,92). Los resultados indican que el consumo regular-recreativo e intensivo-habitual de marihuana en jóvenes provoca alteraciones en las funciones de atención selectiva y sostenida, memoria a corto plazo y largo plazo, memoria de trabajo, planificación, flexibilidad mental y control inhibitorio. Se realiza una discusión de los resultados tomando en cuenta investigaciones previas, destacando principalmente los efectos perjudiciales que el consumo de marihuana provocaría en las funciones cognitivas estudiadas, y que por lo general no son reconocidos o son minimizados por los jóvenes que consumen marihuana.

Palabras clave: Marihuana; atención; memoria; funciones ejecutivas; alteraciones neuropsicológicas; NEUROPSI.

 

 

Abstract

Marijuana is one of the most used psychoactive substances by young people, this substance can cause different clinical conditions including neuropsychological alterations. This article presents an investigation which has analyzed the influence of marijuana use on neuropsychological functions of attention, memory and executive functions, in a group of 16 young people (8 men and 8 women) who maintain regular-recreational and intensive-habitual consume of the above mentioned substance (Mage = 23.38; SD = 1.78), when compared with a group of 16 young people (8 men and 8 women) who do not consume marijuana (Mage = 22.25; SD = 1.92). The results indicate that regular-recreational and intensive-habitual consumption of marijuana in young people causes alterations in the functions of selective and sustained attention, short-term and long-term memory, operative memory, planning, mental flexibility and inhibitory control. A discussion of the results is made based on previous research, emphasizing mainly on the harmful effects that the marijuana could cause in the cognitive functions that were studied, and that generally this effects are not recognized or they are minimized by young people who use marijuana.

Keywords: Marijuana, attention, memory, executive functions, neuropsychological alterations; NEUROPSI.

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How to Cite

Pozo-Hernández, E., Mariño-Tamayo, C., & Ramos-Galarza, C. (2019). Efectos neuropsicológicos por el consumo de marihuana en adultos jóvenes. Panamerican Journal of Neuropsychology, 13(3). Retrieved from https://cnps.cl/index.php/cnps/article/view/380

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 3 (2019): CNPs

Section

Original Papers

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