Vulnerabilidad social y vulnerabilidad psicológica: el gran desafÃo de la salud mental en latinoamérica ante el covid-19
Abstract
RESUMEN
En base a la evidencia aportada desde distintas disciplinas, parece razonable esperar que la pandemia de Covid-19 y las medidas implementadas para reducir en lo posible el contagio van a impactar fuertemente en la salud mental de la población general. No obstante, y de acuerdo con la literatura, también resulta esperable que el impacto de la pandemia sobre la salud mental se intensifique en grupos socioeconómicamente vulnerables y mujeres. La fuerte desigualdad social que sufre Latinoamérica, con enormes bolsas de pobreza que probablemente van a aumentar con la pandemia, pone a la región ante un duro reto siendo poco viables los programas de intervención desde internet implementados en otras regiones. El presente trabajo supone un análisis crÃtico de la situación actual y de las respuestas ofrecidas desde la psicologÃa a fin de motivar una intensificación de la atención a la pobreza como variable fundamental en el abordaje de la salud mental.
Palabras Clave: COVID-19, vulnerabilidad social, vulnerabilidad psicológica, salud mental.
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ABSTRACT
According to the evidence provided from different areas of research, it seems reasonable to expect that the Covid-19 pandemic—as well the prevention policies applied to reduce the contagion as far as possible—will have a strong impact on the mental health of the general population. However, according to the literature, a stronger impact of the pandemic would be expected for socioeconomically vulnerable groups and women. The strong social inequality in Latin America, with areas of concentrated poverty that are likely to increase with the pandemic, faces the region with a difficult challenge. The programs based on internet applied in other regions seem to be not applicable here in a similar extent. To motivate an attentional shift toward the poverty as a fundamental variable in the approach to the mental health, here a critical analysis of the current situation is offered.
Key words: COVID-19, Social vulnerability, psychological vulnerability mental health.
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RESUMO
Baseado em evidências reportadas por distintas disciplinas, parece razoável esperar que a pandemia de Covid-19 e as medidas implementadas para reduzir, ao máximo possÃvel, o contágio, vão impactar fortemente na saúde mental da população em geral. Não obstante, e de acordo com a literatura, também é esperado que o impacto da pandemia sobre a saúde mental se intensifique nos grupos socioeconomicamente vulneráveis e nas mulheres. A forte desigualdade social que sofre a América Latina, com enormes blocos de pobreza que provavelmente irão aumentar com a pandemia, coloca a região diante de um duro desafio sendo pouco viáveis os programas de intervenção na Internet implementados em outras regiões. O presente trabalho supõe uma análise crÃtica da situação atual e das respostas oferecidas na Psicologia, a fim de motivar uma intensificação da atenção à pobreza como variável fundamental na abordagem da saúde mental.
Palavras-chave: COVID-19, vulnerabilidade social, vulnerabilidade psicológica, saúde mental.Â
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