EVALUACIÓN NEUROPSICOLÓGICA EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER: MEMORIA EPISÓDICA Y SEMÁNTICA. NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT IN THE ALZHEIMER DISEASE: EPISODIC AND SEMANTIC MEMORY.

Authors

  • Ana Comesaña .
  • Marcela González .

Abstract

Resumen

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión del proceso de evaluación neuropsicológica en pacientes con Alzheimer (EA), específicamente la referida a la memoria episódica y semántica. La enfermedad de Alzheimer es la principal forma de demencia. Es uno de los problemas sanitarios, sociales y culturales más importantes en actualidad. El diagnóstico y la diferenciación entre el envejecimiento normal y patológico son dificultosos en los primeros momentos, por lo tanto, la evaluación neuropsicológica cumple un papel fundamental. Los criterios utilizados actualmente son los del DSM IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) y los del NINCDS-ADRDA (Instituto Nacional para los Desórdenes Neurológicos, de la Comunicación y el Accidente Cerebro Vascular y la Asociación para la Enfermedad de Alzheimer y Desórdenes Relacionados) (McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, y col., 1984), y exigen que el diagnóstico de EA probable se corrobore por evaluación neuropsicológica, además de la evaluación clínica y otros estudios. A partir de la división de la memoria a largo plazo en semántica y episódica, se crearon pruebas específicas para su evaluación neuropsicológica en distintas patologías, incluyendo la EA. De esta manera, se realizó una importante contribución a la detección temprana del deterioro de la memoria que es característico de la enfermedad.

Palabras claves: evaluación neuropsicológica- Alzheimer- memoria semánticaepisódica.

Abstract

This paper aims to review the neuropsychological evaluation process in Alzheimer (EA) patients, specifically that related to episodic and semantic memory. Alzheimer-style dementia is the main form of dementia, and is nowadays one of the most important social, cultural and health-related problems. Diagnosis and differentiation from normal aging are difficult in the initial stages, and so neuropsychological evaluation is key. The criteria currently utilized are those of the DSM IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and of the NINCDS-ADRDA (Instituto Nacional para los Desórdenes Neurológicos, de la Comunicación y el Accidente Cerebro Vascular y la Asociación para la Enfermedad de Alzheimer y Desórdenes Relacionados) (McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, y col., 1984), and they require that the diagnosis of probable EA be confirmed by neuropsychological evaluation in addition to clinical evaluation and other studies. After the division of long term memory into semantic and episodic memory was made, specific tests were created for their neuropsychological evaluation in different pathologies, including EA. An important contribution to the early detection of memory deterioration typical of such illness was thus made.

Keywords: neuropsychological evaluation, Alzheimer, semantic and episodic memory.

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Published

2009-10-10

How to Cite

., A. C., & ., M. G. (2009). EVALUACIÓN NEUROPSICOLÓGICA EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER: MEMORIA EPISÓDICA Y SEMÁNTICA. NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT IN THE ALZHEIMER DISEASE: EPISODIC AND SEMANTIC MEMORY. Panamerican Journal of Neuropsychology, 3(2). Retrieved from https://cnps.cl/index.php/cnps/article/view/93

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 2 (2009): CNPs

Section

Original Papers

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