Relaciones entre la personalidad y el bienestar emocional en niños. El rol de la regulación emocional
Abstract
Resumen
Los rasgos de personalidad constituyen predisponentes del bienestar emocional. EspecÃficamente, aún no se conoce de forma exhaustiva mediante qué procesos la personalidad ejerce su influencia sobre el bienestar. Investigaciones recientes en adultos han comenzado a mostrar que uno de estos procesos podrÃa ser la regulación emocional. Sin embargo, escasos estudios han explorado esta posibilidad en población infantil. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar si las estrategias de regulación emocional reevaluación cognitiva (RC) y supresión de la expresión emocional (SEE) poseen un rol mediador en la relación de la personalidad con el bienestar en niños de 9 a 12 años de edad. Para esto, se evaluaron 230 niños en las variables mencionadas y se realizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados indican que la RC posee un efecto mediador en la relación de la Extraversión y el bienestar, en tanto la SEE no presentó dicho efecto. El Neuroticismo presentó un efecto directo sobre el bienestar. Los resultados constituyen un aporte relevante en el tema con capacidad de transferencia para el diseño y aplicación de programas de promoción de la salud mental infantil.
Palabras clave: Extraversión; Neuroticismo; Reevaluación cognitiva; Supresión de la expresión emocional; bienestar emocional; niños; artÃculo empÃrico.
Abstract
Personality traits are predisposing of emotional well-being. Specifically, it is not well known the processes by which personality exerts its influence on well-being. Recent studies in adults have begun to show that one of these processes could be emotional regulation. However, few studies have explored this possibility in children. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether emotional regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) have a mediating role in the relationship of personality to the well-being of children 9-12 years old. For this, 230 children were evaluated in these variables and structural equation modeling was performed. The results indicate that the CR has a mediating effect on the relationship between Extraversion and well-being, while the ES provided no such effect. Neuroticism showed a direct effect on well-being. It is expected that the results will prove valuable in the design of programs to promote children’s mental health.
Key words: Extraversion; Neuroticism; Cognitive Reappraisal; Expressive suppression; Emotional Well being; children; Empirical article.
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