BRAIN, GENES, AND BIOGRAPHY: A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PERSPECTIVE ON PERSONALITY
Abstract
This article provides a thoughtful exploration of how recent advances in cognitive neuropsychology are transforming our understanding of personality. Taking a cognitive-integrative perspective, it delves into the evolution of major personality theories and bridges these ideas with the neuroanatomical foundations of essential cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, executive skills, and social cognition. It emphasizes the dynamic, two-way relationship between cognitive functions and personality—a relationship deeply shaped by each person’s cultural and socio-historical experiences. The discussion also introduces epigenetics as a critical piece of this puzzle, showing how environmental factors like stress, nutrition, and formative life experiences can influence brain development, emotional regulation, and, ultimately, how personality traits are expressed. By humanizing these connections, the article underscores that personality is not static; it is a living, adaptive phenomenon, constantly evolving through the interaction of biology, environment, and experience. This integrated view offers a richer, more empathetic understanding of what makes each individual unique.
Keywords: Cognitive neuropsychology; Personality; Integrative psychotherapy.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Emanuel Pompilio, Anna Rovella, Marcos Jofré Neila
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